MAN MADE OBJECTS ON ASTEROID 162173 RYUGU

Non-exhaustive list of artificial objects that have reached the surface of 162173 Ryugu, which is an Apollo-class asteroid orbiting the sun between Venus and Mars. This near-Earth object measures approximately 1 km in diameter and is potentially hazardous.

From June 2018 to November 2019, Ryugu was visited by the JAXA Hayabusa-2 deep space probe which retrieved surface samples and returned them to Earth in December 2020.

Estimated number of artificial objects: 15
Estimated total mass: 19.3 kg

COSPAR IDname typemissionquantity on surfacedry mass (kg)statusdate/epoch (UTC)
2014-076AMINERVA II-1 COVERDust coverHAYABUSA22?-ejected, soft landing assumedSeptember 21, 2018
2014-076AMINERVA II-1 ROVER-1A, HIBOUAsteroid roverHAYABUSA211.2deployed on the surface, EOM, defunctSeptember 21, 2018
2014-076AMINERVA II-1 ROVER-1B, OWLAsteroid roverHAYABUSA211.2deployed on the surface, EOM, defunctSeptember 21, 2018
2014-076AMASCOT (MOBILE ASTEROID SURFACE SCOUT)Asteroid roverHAYABUSA219.6deployed on the surface, EOM, defunctOctober 3, 2018
2014-076ATARGET MARKER TM-BTarget markerHAYABUSA210.3deployed on the surfaceOctober 25, 2018
2014-076ASAMPLING PROJECTILETantalum bulletHAYABUSA210.005fired, impactFebruary 21, 2019
2014-076ASCI (SMALL CARRY-ON IMPACTOR)Free-flying gunHAYABUSA2scattered18exploded, debris probably on the surface and in heliocentric orbitApril 5, 2019
2014-076ASCI IMPACTORCopper projectileHAYABUSA21 2.5fired, impactApril 5, 2019
2014-076ADCAM-3CameraHAYABUSA212ejected, soft landing assumedApril 5, 2019
2014-076ATARGET MARKER TM-ATarget markerHAYABUSA210.3deployed on the surfaceMay 30, 2019
2014-076ATARGET MARKER TM-CTarget markerHAYABUSA210.3deployed on the surfaceSeptember 23, 2019
2014-076ATARGET MARKER TM-ETarget markerHAYABUSA210.3deployed on the surfaceSeptember 23, 2019
2014-076AMINERVA II-2 COVERDust coverHAYABUSA22?-ejected, soft landing assumedOctober 2, 2019
2014-076AMINERVA II-2 ROVER-2Asteroid roverHAYABUSA211.6technical failure, hard landed, defunctOctober 2, 2019